supplicium post mortem

I’m reading Charles Williams for the first time, his Descent Into Hell. Williams (1886-1945) was editor of Oxford University Press and one of the Inklings. His prose is dense and hard-going, but frequently astonishing. He writes what Eliot called “supernatural thrillers” about characters in the modern world interacting with the divine.

I was slogging though it this week and gradually had my breath taken away by a most extraordinary scene in the chapter called “The Doctrine of Substituted Love.” The scene is a conversation between Stanhope (a great poet) and Pauline (a nearly agoraphobic young woman) on the sidelines of a play rehearsal. Stanhope is a quiet, self-effacing writer who knows about things like a goodness so powerful that it induces terror. This he has mentioned in passing to Pauline before. Here, he tries to get her to tell him what has been bothering her. Eventually, she spits it out: she sometimes sees her Doppelganger at a distance and is tormented by the fear that it will one day catch her up.

At the core of the scene, Stanhope offers to “carry her burden” for her, to be afraid for her, in her place. Pauline struggles to understand what he means. He explains:

“When you are alone,” he said, “remember that I am afraid instead of you, and that I have taken over every kind of worry.”

Pauline demurs, worrying that she will be pushing her burden on to other people.

“Not if you insist on making a universe for yourself,” he answered. “If you want to disobey and refuse the laws that are common to us all, if you want to live in pride and division and anger, you can. But if you will be part of the best of us, and live and laugh and be ashamed with us, then you must be content to be helped. You must give your burden up to someone else, and you must carry someone else’s burden.”

It is hard to write about this because Williams says it all so expertly, but I find this paragraph at once immensely satisfying, as if food, immensely relieving, and immensely hot. It gets at the deep communion I hear about in church. It gets at the notion that submitting to this communion is a natural order of the universe. Yes, we are free to refuse, to “live in pride and division and anger,” but this is to live unnaturally, in a state of sin.

Pauline wonders what will become of her self-respect if she leans on someone else in such a very great way.

He laughed at her with a tender mockery… “If you want to respect yourself, if to respect yourself you must go clean against the nature of things, if you must refuse the Omnipotence in order to respect yourself, though why you should want so extremely to respect yourself is more than I can guess, why, go on and respect.”

This, to me, encapsulates part of our modern dilemma, with our fixation on self-respect, self-determination, self-authorship, self-esteem, choice, independence, and so on—all excellent qualities, but when taken to excess, as I believe they often are, do they not lead us into the divided, un-natural condition which has made Pauline suffer? It sometimes seems counter-cultural to accept, indeed to submit to the idea that goodness involves sharing one another’s burdens, and further that this is no progressive modern concept, but in fact the ancient order of things which we have only temporarily forgotten in our contemporary egotism. And, to give over to it is not only to give over to each other, but to move into communion with something people have known for many centuries, many ages.

The mercy involved in this submission reveals itself as the scene continues:

She stood up. “I can’t imagine not being afraid,” she said.

“But you will not be,” he answered, also rising, certainty in his voice, “because you will leave all that to me. Will you please me by remembering that absolutely?”

“I am to remember,” she said, and almost broke into a little trembling laugh, “that you are being worried and terrified instead of me?”

“That I have taken it all over,” he said, “so there is nothing left for you.”

Oh, how I long to have someone again to carry my burden as I carry his; to take over my worrying for me; to bear my fear.

Stanhope tells Pauline:

“Ring me up to-night, say about nine, and tell me you are being obedient to the whole fixed nature of things.”

You can’t get any sexier or more spiritually authoritative than that, in my book. He is compelling her obedience, not by force, but through her free will. And her obedience to nature, to the great reality, will consist of relinquishing her fear into the care of another, who will faithfully feel it on her behalf.

I think that people who take part in tgi (in its several forms) understand this. TGI scenes are often dramatic enactments of this submission to one another, and to the truth of our human condition. This is why I don’t see any contradiction between my “kinky” practices and my quite orthodox religious practice. I see them in service of the same thing, the great reality, which has at its heart self-giving love.

Stanhope goes home and concentrates on Pauline’s fear:

“The body of his flesh received her alien terror, his mind carried the burden of her world. The burden was inevitably lighter for him than for her, for the rage of a personal resentment was lacking. He endured her sensitiveness but not her sin; the substitution there, if indeed there is a substitution, is hidden in the central mystery of Christendom which Christendom itself has never understood, nor can.”

Full text available on Google books.